Legal Status of Artificial Intelligence in Civil Society: Toward a New Legal Ideology

Zoyir Eshmurodov

Authors

Zoyir Eshmurodov Legal researcher and entrepreneur focusing on the intersection of law, artificial intelligence, and transportation regulation. His work explores conceptual and practical legal frameworks for integrating emerging technologies into modern civil law systems.

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Civil Law, Legal Status of AI, Adaptive Legal Capacity, Legal Ideology, Legal Personhood, Functional Legal Recognition, AI Governance, Legal Responsibility, Agency Law, Tort Liability, Autonomous Systems, Comparative Legal Analysis, Regulatory Frameworks, Civil Society

Abstract

This article advances a new legal ideology for understanding artificial intelligence (AI) within civil society. It argues that existing legal systems fail not merely due to regulatory gaps, but due to a deeper conceptual limitation: the inability of law to recognize non-human yet functionally autonomous actors as participants in legal order. The paper introduces the concept of Adaptive Legal Capacity not only as a regulatory model, but as a philosophical transformation in legal reasoning that redefines agency, responsibility, and civil participation. Rather than treating AI as either a tool or a person, this work proposes a continuum-based legal structure in which legal recognition is assigned according to functional behavior and societal impact.