Assessment of Attitudes and Perceptions toward COVID-19 Vaccination among Community Health Workers in Training at Agency Schools, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Community health workers play a critical role in the promotion of public health interventions, including vaccination. Their attitudes and perceptions toward COVID 19 vaccination can influence both personal uptake and advocacy within the wider community. This study assessed the awareness, attitudes, perceptions, and factors associated with COVID 19 vaccine acceptance among community health workers in training at Agency Schools, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 trainees enrolled in the Primary Health Care Tutors and Community Health Officers Training Programmes. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire, capturing socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, perception, attitude, vaccination status, and factors influencing vaccine acceptance. Descriptive statistics, frequencies, percentages, and chi-square tests were used to analyze associations between perception, attitude, and vaccine uptake. Results: The mean age of respondents was 32.1 ± 8.4 years, with a majority being female (65%) and of Yoruba ethnicity (80%). Awareness of COVID 19 and preventive measures, including vaccination, was high, with 98% demonstrating knowledge of transmission routes and 95% aware of vaccine side effects. Eighty-five percent had received at least one dose of the COVID 19 vaccine, and 83% completed the full vaccination schedule. Positive attitudes toward vaccination, including encouragement of peers, were observed in 95% of respondents. Misconceptions regarding vaccine safety and efficacy were minimal but present. Chi-square analysis indicated significant associations between both attitude and perception with vaccine acceptance (p < 0.05). Perceived factors influencing vaccine uptake included personal health considerations, peer influence, and access to vaccination information. Conclusion: Community health worker trainees at UCH Ibadan demonstrated high awareness and generally positive attitudes toward COVID 19 vaccination, which were strongly associated with uptake. Residual misconceptions highlight the need for continued educational interventions, peer advocacy, and transparent communication to sustain vaccine confidence. Strengthening these strategies within training programs can enhance both personal uptake and broader public health promotion.